[From American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Text rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; copyright 2000.] ...
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A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following:
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neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family
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almost always chooses solitary activities
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has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person
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takes pleasure in few, if any, activities
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lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
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appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others
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shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity
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Does not occur exclusively during the course of schizophrenia, a mood disorder with psychotic features, another psychotic disorder, or a pervasive developmental disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition.
Note: If criteria are met prior to the onset of schizophrenia, add “premorbid,” e.g., “schizoid personality disorder (premorbid).”
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